AHCI RESEARCH GROUP
Publications
Papers published in international journals,
proceedings of conferences, workshops and books.
OUR RESEARCH
Scientific Publications
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You can expand the Abstract, Links and BibTex record for each paper.
2025
Kim, M.; Kim, T.; Lee, K. -T.
3D Digital Human Generation from a Single Image Using Generative AI with Real-Time Motion Synchronization Journal Article
In: Electronics (Switzerland), vol. 14, no. 4, 2025, ISSN: 20799292 (ISSN).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 3D digital human, 3D human generation, digital twin, Generative AI, pose estimation, real-time motion synchronization, single image processing, SMPL-X, Unity 3D
@article{kim_3d_2025,
title = {3D Digital Human Generation from a Single Image Using Generative AI with Real-Time Motion Synchronization},
author = {M. Kim and T. Kim and K. -T. Lee},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85218855876&doi=10.3390%2felectronics14040777&partnerID=40&md5=f1d0a0238c6422327901e4d4b6a43727},
doi = {10.3390/electronics14040777},
issn = {20799292 (ISSN)},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
journal = {Electronics (Switzerland)},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
abstract = {The generation of 3D digital humans has traditionally relied on multi-view imaging systems and large-scale datasets, posing challenges in cost, accessibility, and real-time applicability. To overcome these limitations, this study presents an efficient pipeline that constructs high-fidelity 3D digital humans from a single frontal image. By leveraging generative AI, the system synthesizes additional views and generates UV maps compatible with the SMPL-X model, ensuring anatomically accurate and photorealistic reconstructions. The generated 3D models are imported into Unity 3D, where they are rigged for real-time motion synchronization using BlazePose-based lightweight pose estimation. To further enhance motion realism, custom algorithms—including ground detection and rotation smoothing—are applied, improving movement stability and fluidity. The system was rigorously evaluated through both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Results show an average generation time of 211.1 s, segmentation accuracy of 92.1%, and real-time rendering at 64.4 FPS. In qualitative assessments, expert reviewers rated the system using the SUS usability framework and heuristic evaluation, confirming its usability and effectiveness. This method eliminates the need for multi-view cameras or depth sensors, significantly reducing the barrier to entry for real-time 3D avatar creation and interactive AI-driven applications. It has broad applications in virtual reality (VR), gaming, digital content creation, AI-driven simulation, digital twins, and telepresence systems. By introducing a scalable and accessible 3D modeling pipeline, this research lays the groundwork for future advancements in immersive and interactive environments. © 2025 by the authors.},
keywords = {3D digital human, 3D human generation, digital twin, Generative AI, pose estimation, real-time motion synchronization, single image processing, SMPL-X, Unity 3D},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The generation of 3D digital humans has traditionally relied on multi-view imaging systems and large-scale datasets, posing challenges in cost, accessibility, and real-time applicability. To overcome these limitations, this study presents an efficient pipeline that constructs high-fidelity 3D digital humans from a single frontal image. By leveraging generative AI, the system synthesizes additional views and generates UV maps compatible with the SMPL-X model, ensuring anatomically accurate and photorealistic reconstructions. The generated 3D models are imported into Unity 3D, where they are rigged for real-time motion synchronization using BlazePose-based lightweight pose estimation. To further enhance motion realism, custom algorithms—including ground detection and rotation smoothing—are applied, improving movement stability and fluidity. The system was rigorously evaluated through both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Results show an average generation time of 211.1 s, segmentation accuracy of 92.1%, and real-time rendering at 64.4 FPS. In qualitative assessments, expert reviewers rated the system using the SUS usability framework and heuristic evaluation, confirming its usability and effectiveness. This method eliminates the need for multi-view cameras or depth sensors, significantly reducing the barrier to entry for real-time 3D avatar creation and interactive AI-driven applications. It has broad applications in virtual reality (VR), gaming, digital content creation, AI-driven simulation, digital twins, and telepresence systems. By introducing a scalable and accessible 3D modeling pipeline, this research lays the groundwork for future advancements in immersive and interactive environments. © 2025 by the authors.
2017
Caggianese, Giuseppe; Calabrese, Mariaconsiglia; Maio, Vincenzo De; Pietro, Giuseppe De; Faggiano, Armando; Gallo, Luigi; Sannino, Giovanna; Vecchione, Carmine
A Rehabilitation System for Post-operative Heart Surgery Proceedings Article
In: Pietro, Giuseppe De; Gallo, Luigi; Howlett, Robert J.; Jain, Lakhmi C. (Ed.): Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2017, pp. 554–564, Springer International Publishing, 2017, ISBN: 978-3-319-59480-4.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Healthcare, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D
@inproceedings{caggianeseRehabilitationSystemPostoperative2017,
title = {A Rehabilitation System for Post-operative Heart Surgery},
author = { Giuseppe Caggianese and Mariaconsiglia Calabrese and Vincenzo De Maio and Giuseppe De Pietro and Armando Faggiano and Luigi Gallo and Giovanna Sannino and Carmine Vecchione},
editor = { Giuseppe De Pietro and Luigi Gallo and Robert J. Howlett and Lakhmi C. Jain},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-59480-4_55},
isbn = {978-3-319-59480-4},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2017},
pages = {554--564},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
series = {Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies},
abstract = {Supervised exercise programs are an important aspect of the rehabilitation process of patients after heart surgery. A large number of factors must be taken into account before implementing a rehabilitation program. These mainly consist in the patient's cognitive and physical capabilities after the operation and the expectations of recovery. A rehabilitation program should also be designed in relation to the stage of the healing process, with the therapist selecting the best sequence of exercises while taking into account the most appropriate effort level for the patient. This paper describes a customizable rehabilitation system for the early post-operative period, useful for the performance of an assessment of the patients, through an evaluation of their cognitive and motor abilities, and for a dynamic personalization of the therapy sessions focused on patient needs.},
keywords = {Healthcare, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Supervised exercise programs are an important aspect of the rehabilitation process of patients after heart surgery. A large number of factors must be taken into account before implementing a rehabilitation program. These mainly consist in the patient's cognitive and physical capabilities after the operation and the expectations of recovery. A rehabilitation program should also be designed in relation to the stage of the healing process, with the therapist selecting the best sequence of exercises while taking into account the most appropriate effort level for the patient. This paper describes a customizable rehabilitation system for the early post-operative period, useful for the performance of an assessment of the patients, through an evaluation of their cognitive and motor abilities, and for a dynamic personalization of the therapy sessions focused on patient needs.
Caggianese, Giuseppe; Calabrese, Mariaconsiglia; Maio, Vincenzo De; Pietro, Giuseppe De; Faggiano, Armando; Gallo, Luigi; Sannino, Giovanna; Vecchione, Carmine
A Rehabilitation System for Post-operative Heart Surgery Proceedings Article
In: Pietro, Giuseppe De; Gallo, Luigi; Howlett, Robert J.; Jain, Lakhmi C. (Ed.): Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2017, pp. 554–564, Springer International Publishing, 2017, ISBN: 978-3-319-59480-4, (event-place: Cham).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Healthcare, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D
@inproceedings{caggianese_rehabilitation_2017,
title = {A Rehabilitation System for Post-operative Heart Surgery},
author = {Giuseppe Caggianese and Mariaconsiglia Calabrese and Vincenzo De Maio and Giuseppe De Pietro and Armando Faggiano and Luigi Gallo and Giovanna Sannino and Carmine Vecchione},
editor = {Giuseppe De Pietro and Luigi Gallo and Robert J. Howlett and Lakhmi C. Jain},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-59480-4_55},
isbn = {978-3-319-59480-4},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2017},
pages = {554–564},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
series = {Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies},
abstract = {Supervised exercise programs are an important aspect of the rehabilitation process of patients after heart surgery. A large number of factors must be taken into account before implementing a rehabilitation program. These mainly consist in the patient’s cognitive and physical capabilities after the operation and the expectations of recovery. A rehabilitation program should also be designed in relation to the stage of the healing process, with the therapist selecting the best sequence of exercises while taking into account the most appropriate effort level for the patient. This paper describes a customizable rehabilitation system for the early post-operative period, useful for the performance of an assessment of the patients, through an evaluation of their cognitive and motor abilities, and for a dynamic personalization of the therapy sessions focused on patient needs.},
note = {event-place: Cham},
keywords = {Healthcare, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Supervised exercise programs are an important aspect of the rehabilitation process of patients after heart surgery. A large number of factors must be taken into account before implementing a rehabilitation program. These mainly consist in the patient’s cognitive and physical capabilities after the operation and the expectations of recovery. A rehabilitation program should also be designed in relation to the stage of the healing process, with the therapist selecting the best sequence of exercises while taking into account the most appropriate effort level for the patient. This paper describes a customizable rehabilitation system for the early post-operative period, useful for the performance of an assessment of the patients, through an evaluation of their cognitive and motor abilities, and for a dynamic personalization of the therapy sessions focused on patient needs.
2016
Adinolfi, Francesco; Caggianese, Giuseppe; Gallo, Luigi; Grosso, Juan; Infarinato, Francesco; Marchese, Nazzareno; Sale, Patrizio; Spaltro, Emiliano
SmartCARE - An ICT Platform in the Domain of Stroke Pathology to Manage Rehabilitation Treatment and Telemonitoring at Home Proceedings Article
In: Pietro, Giuseppe De; Gallo, Luigi; Howlett, Robert J.; Jain, Lakhmi C. (Ed.): Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2016, pp. 39–49, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2016, ISBN: 978-3-319-39344-5 978-3-319-39345-2.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Healthcare, Microsoft band, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Stroke, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D, Wearable devices
@inproceedings{adinolfiSmartCAREICTPlatform2016,
title = {SmartCARE - An ICT Platform in the Domain of Stroke Pathology to Manage Rehabilitation Treatment and Telemonitoring at Home},
author = { Francesco Adinolfi and Giuseppe Caggianese and Luigi Gallo and Juan Grosso and Francesco Infarinato and Nazzareno Marchese and Patrizio Sale and Emiliano Spaltro},
editor = { Giuseppe De Pietro and Luigi Gallo and Robert J. Howlett and Lakhmi C. Jain},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39345-2_4},
isbn = {978-3-319-39344-5 978-3-319-39345-2},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-06-01},
urldate = {2016-12-06},
booktitle = {Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2016},
volume = {55},
pages = {39--49},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing Switzerland},
series = {Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies},
abstract = {This paper describes the SmartCARE ICT eco-system, which goal is to deliver advanced health collaboration services in the rehabilitation domain. The system provides a set of tools that enable the continuity of care at home to patients affected by stroke diseases. Moreover, by taking advantage of motion sensing-based serious games and virtual companions, the system can stimulate the patient at being more reactive both at neuro-motorial and neuro-cognitive levels.},
keywords = {Healthcare, Microsoft band, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Stroke, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D, Wearable devices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper describes the SmartCARE ICT eco-system, which goal is to deliver advanced health collaboration services in the rehabilitation domain. The system provides a set of tools that enable the continuity of care at home to patients affected by stroke diseases. Moreover, by taking advantage of motion sensing-based serious games and virtual companions, the system can stimulate the patient at being more reactive both at neuro-motorial and neuro-cognitive levels.
Adinolfi, Francesco; Caggianese, Giuseppe; Gallo, Luigi; Grosso, Juan; Infarinato, Francesco; Marchese, Nazzareno; Sale, Patrizio; Spaltro, Emiliano
SmartCARE - An ICT Platform in the Domain of Stroke Pathology to Manage Rehabilitation Treatment and Telemonitoring at Home Proceedings Article
In: Pietro, Giuseppe De; Gallo, Luigi; Howlett, Robert J.; Jain, Lakhmi C. (Ed.): Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2016, pp. 39–49, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2016, ISBN: 978-3-319-39344-5 978-3-319-39345-2, (event-place: Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Healthcare, Microsoft band, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Stroke, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D, Wearable devices
@inproceedings{adinolfi_smartcare_2016,
title = {SmartCARE - An ICT Platform in the Domain of Stroke Pathology to Manage Rehabilitation Treatment and Telemonitoring at Home},
author = {Francesco Adinolfi and Giuseppe Caggianese and Luigi Gallo and Juan Grosso and Francesco Infarinato and Nazzareno Marchese and Patrizio Sale and Emiliano Spaltro},
editor = {Giuseppe De Pietro and Luigi Gallo and Robert J. Howlett and Lakhmi C. Jain},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-39345-2_4},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39345-2_4},
isbn = {978-3-319-39344-5 978-3-319-39345-2},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-06-01},
urldate = {2016-12-06},
booktitle = {Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services 2016},
volume = {55},
pages = {39–49},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing Switzerland},
series = {Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies},
abstract = {This paper describes the SmartCARE ICT eco-system, which goal is to deliver advanced health collaboration services in the rehabilitation domain. The system provides a set of tools that enable the continuity of care at home to patients affected by stroke diseases. Moreover, by taking advantage of motion sensing-based serious games and virtual companions, the system can stimulate the patient at being more reactive both at neuro-motorial and neuro-cognitive levels.},
note = {event-place: Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain},
keywords = {Healthcare, Microsoft band, Microsoft kinect, Rehabilitation, Serious game, Stroke, Telemonitoring, Unity 3D, Wearable devices},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper describes the SmartCARE ICT eco-system, which goal is to deliver advanced health collaboration services in the rehabilitation domain. The system provides a set of tools that enable the continuity of care at home to patients affected by stroke diseases. Moreover, by taking advantage of motion sensing-based serious games and virtual companions, the system can stimulate the patient at being more reactive both at neuro-motorial and neuro-cognitive levels.